Sodium bicarbonate is composed of sodium ions and bicarbonate ions, with the main components being Na+ and HCO3-.
Sodium bicarbonate works by regulating the body's acid-base balance. Excessive intake can cause metabolic alkalosis, resulting in symptoms such as headache and drowsiness. Symptoms such as headache and drowsiness may occur after taking sodium bicarbonate.
Electrolyte levels and acid-base balance can be assessed through blood biochemistry tests and urinalysis. For symptoms caused by sodium bicarbonate, electrolyte imbalances can be corrected with electrolyte supplements such as potassium chloride sustained-release tablets and sodium chloride injection. Metabolic alkalosis can be treated with medications such as potassium citrate granules and sodium citrate solution.
Patients are advised to monitor their electrolyte levels regularly and avoid long-term, high-intake sodium bicarbonate to prevent potential health risks.
